» NSA把包含美國公民的監(jiān)控數(shù)據(jù)分享給以色列
http://www.ltaaa.com/bbs/thread-238233-1-1.html
NSA sharesraw intelligence including Americans' data with Israel
The National Security Agency routinelyshares raw intelligence data with Israel without first sifting it to removeinformation about US citizens, a top-secret document provided to the Guardian by whistleblower Edward Snowden reveals.
由斯諾登提供的一份最高機密文件顯示,NSA在沒有過濾包含美國公民在內(nèi)的信息的情況下就把監(jiān)控原始數(shù)據(jù)提供給了以色列.
Details of the intelligence-sharingagreement are laid out in a memorandum of understanding between the NSA and its Israeli counterpart that showsthe US government handed over intercepted communications likely to containphone calls and emails of American citizens. The agreement places no legallybinding limits on the use of the data by the Israelis.
NSA和以色列的一份諒解備忘錄里顯示了這一情報分享的細節(jié).美國政府把截獲的美國公民的電話和郵件信息送給了以色列.這一.該協(xié)議對于以色列如何使用這些數(shù)據(jù)沒有法律約束力.
The disclosure that the NSA agreed to provideraw intelligence data to a foreign country contrasts with assurances from theObama administration that there are rigorous safeguards toprotect the privacy of US citizens caught in the dragnet.The intelligence community calls this process "minimization", but thememorandum makes clear that the information shared with the Israelis would bein its pre-minimized state.
NSA同一把原始據(jù)提供給國外的行為和奧巴馬政府說的有嚴格安全措施保障美國公民信息不泄露的承諾形成了對比。情報界稱這一行為為“最小化”，但是備忘錄明確地指出這些分享給以色列的信息處于預最小化的狀態(tài)
(譯注：最小化和預最小化不是啥意思？)
The deal was reached in principle inMarch 2009, according to the undated memorandum, which lays out the groundrules for the intelligence sharing.
The five-pagememorandum, termed an agreement between the US and Israeli intelligenceagencies "pertaining to the protection of US persons", repeatedlystresses the constitutional rights of Americans to privacy and the need forIsraeli intelligence staff to respect these rights.
根據(jù)一份沒有注明日期的備忘錄顯示，這項協(xié)議于2009年達成。這份備忘錄規(guī)定了情報分享原則。
這份5頁的備忘錄，被稱為美國和以色列情報機構(gòu)“有關(guān)保護美國人士之間的協(xié)議”，反復強調(diào)美國人享有憲法規(guī)定的隱私權(quán)以及以色列情報人員需要尊重這些權(quán)利。
(譯注：標準的格式合同一般都輝說遵守***法律的~)
But this is undermined by the disclosurethat Israel is allowed to receive "raw Sigint" signal intelligence.The memorandum says: "Raw Sigint includes, but is not limited to,unevaluated and unminimized transcripts, gists, facsimiles, telex, voice andDigital Network Intelligence metadata and content."
但是這一約定被以色列被允許接收未經(jīng)處理的元數(shù)據(jù)消弱了。備忘錄顯示“原始信號情報，包括但不限于未計算和最小化的成績單，學家，傳真，電報，語音和數(shù)字網(wǎng)絡(luò)智能的元數(shù)據(jù)和內(nèi)容。”
According to the agreement, theintelligence being shared would not be filtered in advance by NSA analysts toremove US communications. "NSA routinely sends ISNU minimized and unminimized raw collection", it says.
Although thememorandum is explicit in saying the material had to be handled in accordancewith US law, and that the Israelis agreed not to deliberately target Americansidentified in the data, these rules are not backed up by legal obligations.
根據(jù)協(xié)議，被分享的情報事先不會由NSA的分析人員剔除美國的情報。NSA經(jīng)常把已經(jīng)最小化和沒有最小化的原始采集數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)給ISNU(以色列情報機關(guān))。雖然備忘錄明確說這些材料必須按照美國法律處理，以色列也同意不會特地針對美國人處理數(shù)據(jù)，不過這些規(guī)則并不需要承擔法律責任。
(譯注：關(guān)于以色列為什么要美國公民的數(shù)據(jù)，個人的猜想。我不知道大家有沒有看過早些的描述美國人反猶太人的電影，我記得有一部電影是一個猶太警察一直希望和普通美國人好好相處，也沒有加入猶太團體，但是經(jīng)歷了各種事情后，最后還是站在了猶太人一邊，殺死了反猶太的當?shù)仡I(lǐng)袖。美國國內(nèi)反猶的情況是存在的，這可能是以色列要美國公民數(shù)據(jù)的理由。但是美國人居然真的給以色列了，這個我也只能跟美國人一起說，叛國。)
"Thisagreement is not intended to create any legally enforceable rights and shallnot be construed to be either an international agreement or a legally bindinginstrument according to international law," the document says.
“這項協(xié)議的目的不是創(chuàng)建任何法律上可強制執(zhí)行的權(quán)利，不得被解釋為是一項國際協(xié)議，或具有法律約束力的文書”文件說。
In a statement to the Guardian, an NSA spokesperson did not deny that personaldata about Americans was included in raw intelligence data shared with theIsraelis. But the agency insisted that the shared intelligence complied withall rules governing privacy.
"Any US person information that is acquired as a resultof NSA'ssurveillance activities is handled under procedures that are designedto protect privacy rights," the spokesperson said.
在衛(wèi)報的一份聲明中，國家安全局的發(fā)言人沒有否認，美國人的個人資料，包括原始情報數(shù)據(jù)被分享給以色列人。但該機構(gòu)堅持認為，共享情報遵守所有規(guī)則隱私。
“任何由NSA的監(jiān)控行為獲得的美國人信息都是為了保護個人隱私的權(quán)利，”該發(fā)言人說。
The NSA declined to answer specific questions about the agreement,including whether permission had been sought from the Foreign IntelligenceSurveillance (Fisa)
網(wǎng)友評論2013-09-14 20:57
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